Īncient statue of the rice goddess Dewi Sri. Rice-growing shapes the landscape, is sold at markets, and is served in most meals. Indonesian vernacular architecture also recognizes numbers of lumbung or rice barns styles, such as Sundanese leuit, Sasak style rice barn, Toraja's tongkonan shape, to Minangkabau's rangkiang. The irrigation system was managed by priests and created around " water temples". Traditionally, the agricultural cycles linked to rice cultivation were celebrated through rituals, such as Sundanese Seren Taun or the "rice harvest festival." In Bali, the traditional subak irrigation system was created to ensure that there is adequate water supply for rice paddies. The importance of rice in Indonesian culture is demonstrated through the reverence of Dewi Sri, the rice goddess of ancient Java and Bali. Rice has been a staple food for Indonesians for a millennia and holds a central place in Indonesian culture and cuisine. Evidence of wild rice cultivation on the island of Sulawesi dates back from 3000 BCE. Rice, coconut, sugar palm, taro, tubers, shallots and tropical fruits were among the earliest produce being cultivated in the archipelago. The bas-relief in 8th century Borobudur depicting a farmer plowing the field pulled by a buffalo.Īgriculture in Indonesia started as a means to grow and provide food. As one of the world's major agricultural nation, the country offers wide diversity of tropical products and important agricultural commodities which include palm oil, natural rubber, cocoa, coffee, tea, cassava, rice and tropical spices. The country possesses vast and abundant arable fertile soils. Located in the tropical region, Indonesia enjoys abundant rain and sunshine most of the time, which are important elements for agricultural products to thrive. Industrial scale export commodities such as palm oil and rubber, are mainly supplied by large plantations, while the small scale farmers focus on horticultural commodities such as rice, corn, soybeans, Mango, fruits and vegetables in order to meet the food consumption of the local and regional population. Smallholder production modes, mostly family owned and run by traditional agricultural households.Large plantations, either owned by state or private companies.The agricultural sector of Indonesia consists of: Indonesian agriculture sector is supervised and regulated by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. Ĭurrently, approximately 30% of Indonesia's land area is used for agriculture. In 2012, the agricultural sector provides jobs to approximately 49 million Indonesians, representing 41% of the country's total labor force. In 2013, the agricultural sector contributed 14.43% to national GDP, a slight decline from 2003's contribution which was 15.19%.
Nevertheless, for the majority of Indonesian households, farming and plantation remains as a vital income generator. In the last 50 years, the sector's share in national gross domestic product has decreased considerably, due to the rise of industrialisation and service sector. Agriculture in Indonesia is one of the key sectors within the Indonesian economy.
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